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Decarboxylative couplingProposed mechanistic pathway of nickel-catalyzed photoredox- decarboxylative arylation[1]C-H cross-couplingPhotoredox, HAT, and nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling: proposed mechanistic pathway and catalyst combination[2]C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling reactions
Decarboxylative couplingCarboxylic acid and alkyl halide scope in the dual nickel-catalyzed photoredox sp3-sp3 coupling reaction[3]C-H cross-couplingThe scope of the alkyl bromide coupling partner in the light-enabled selective sp3 C-H alkylation[4]Heteroatom arylations
C-N couplingMetallaphotoredox-catalyzed amination: amine and arene scope[5]C-O couplingAlcohol and aryl halide scope in the nickel-catalyzed photoredox C-O coupling reaction[6]Other reactions
Ar-X trifluomethylationSynthesis of trifluoromethyl(hetero)arenes[7]Decarboxylative fluorinationDecarboxylative Fluorination of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids via Photoredox Catalysis[8]
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Basic Components of an Undivided Electrochemical Cell[9]Synthetic organic electrochemistry applications
Ni-Catalyzed C-N couplingNickel-catalyzed amination of aryl halides[10]Ni catalyzed Sp2-Sp3 couplingReaction Scope for Electrochemical Cross-Electrophile Couplings[11]C-H OxidationsSubstrate scope of the electrochemical benzylic C¨CH oxidation reaction[12]Reduction of amidePlausible reaction mechanism using a Zn anode[13]Heterocycles formationFormation and cyclization of nitrogen-centered radicals[14]-OCF3, -SCF3, -CF3Electrochemical Trifluoromethoxylation of (Hetero)aromatics[15]FluorinationElectrochemical Fluorination of 2,2-Diphenyl-1,3-dithiolane[16]
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- [1] Zhiwei Zuo,et al. Dual catalysis. Merging photoredox with nickel catalysis: coupling of ¦Á-carboxyl sp?-carbons with aryl halides. Science. 2014 Jul 25;345(6195):437-40. doi: 10.1126/science.1255525.[2] Megan H Shaw,et al. Native functionality in triple catalytic cross-coupling: sp? C-H bonds as latent nucleophiles. Science. 2016 Jun 10;352(6291):1304-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf6635.[3] Craig P Johnston, et al. Metallaphotoredox-catalysed sp(3)-sp(3) cross-coupling of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Nature. 2016 Aug 18;536(7616):322-5. doi: 10.1038/nature19056.[4] Chip Le,et al. Selective sp? C-H alkylation via polarity-match-based cross-coupling. Nature. 2017 Jul 6;547(7661):79-83. doi: 10.1038/nature22813.[5] Emily B Corcoran, et al. Aryl amination using ligand-free Ni(II) salts and photoredox catalysis. Science. 2016 Jul 15;353(6296):279-83. doi: 10.1126/science.aag0209.[6] Jack A Terrett, et al. Switching on elusive organometallic mechanisms with photoredox catalysis. Nature. 2015 Aug 20;524(7565):330-4. doi: 10.1038/nature14875.[7] Chip Le, et al. A radical approach to the copper oxidative addition problem: Trifluoromethylation of bromoarenes. Science. 2018 Jun 1;360(6392):1010-1014. doi: 10.1126/science.aat4133.[8] Sandrine Ventre, et al. Decarboxylative Fluorination of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids via Photoredox Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc. 2015 May 6;137(17):5654-7. doi: 10.1021/jacs.5b02244.[9]Cian Kingston, et al. A Survival Guide for the "Electro-curious". Acc Chem Res. 2020 Jan 21;53(1):72-83. doi: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00539.[10] Chao Li, et al. Electrochemically Enabled, Nickel-Catalyzed Amination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2017 Oct 9;56(42):13088-13093. doi: 10.1002/anie.201707906.[11] Robert J Perkins, et al. Electrochemical Nickel Catalysis for sp2-sp3 Cross-Electrophile Coupling Reactions of Unactivated Alkyl Halides. doi: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01598. Org Lett. 2017 Jul 21;19(14):3755-3758.[12]Jason A Marko, et al. Electrochemical benzylic oxidation of C-H bonds. Chem Commun (Camb). 2019 Jan 17;55(7):937-940. doi: 10.1039/c8cc08768g.[13] Kazuhiro Okamoto, et al. Hydrosilane-Mediated Electrochemical Reduction of Amides. J Org Chem. 2021 Nov 19;86(22):15992-16000. doi: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00931.[14] Huai-Bo Zhao, et al. Amidinyl Radical Formation through Anodic N-H Bond Cleavage and Its Application in Aromatic C-H Bond Functionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2017 Jan 9;56(2):587-590. doi: 10.1002/anie.201610715.[15] Yao Ouyang, et al. Electrochemical Trifluoromethoxylation of (Hetero)aromatics with a Trifluoromethyl Source and Oxygen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2022 Jan 17;61(3):e202114048. doi: 10.1002/anie.202114048.[16] Naoki Shida, et al. Alkali Metal Fluorides in Fluorinated Alcohols: Fundamental Properties and Applications to Electrochemical Fluorination. J Org Chem. 2021 Nov 19;86(22):16128-16133. doi: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00692.